
KGB
Meets BSO
New Times Broward-Palm Beach
Jay Cheshes
July 15th, 1999 |
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In
the '80s Soviet lawman Emin Gadzhiyev blew the whistle on corrupt
colleagues and defected to the United States.
Now he's training with the Broward Sheriff's Office. Someone
should make a movie about this guy.
If
Hollywood were to revisit the Cold War era with a movie about an
idealistic rogue inside the KGB, studio execs would probably cast a
large, menacing leading man, maybe Arnold Schwarzenegger or Sylvester
Stallone. They would want
someone who fits the stereotypical mold of a jackbooted stoic, someone
who lives up to the public perception of the former Soviet Union's
once fearsome security agency. Emin
Gadzhiyev would scarcely fit the bill.
A stout, balding man with big, bushy eyebrows, the Cold War
veteran is far more John Belushi than Conan the Barbarian.
On
a rain-drenched Sunday morning in June, Gadzhiyev slumps in an
armchair in his sparsely furnished, cream-color apartment.
There are black rings under his eyes, and a paunch is visible
beneath his loose-fitting T-shirt.
Beside him is a small table upon which lie a laptop, a portable
phone, and a thick stapled document.
He reaches for the manuscript, weighing it in his hands. In
big, bold letters on the cover are the words "Red Mafia:
A treatment for an original screenplay... based on events in
the life of Emin Gadzhiyev, formerly Lt. Colonel, KGB."
He smiles. "Very
loosely based," he says with a slow chuckle, which erupts into
laughter.
Rejected
by Hollywood when Cold War tales were going out of vogue, the souped-up
movie version of Gadzhiyev's life is "probably 60 percent
fiction," he says. "We
had to make it sellable -- romance, action, you know, more
Hollywood," he adds, kicking up his feet in the high-rise
Hallandale apartment he shares with his second wife, Irina, and plenty
of stuffed animals. Making
it sellable, the budding capitalist quickly realized, would require
professional help. And
so, shortly after moving to South Florida from California eight years
ago, Gadzhiyev tracked down a screenwriter to help bring his tale of
corruption and organized crime in the crumbling Soviet empire to the
multiplex. The 58-page
movie treatment that Palm Beach Gardens actor-screenwriter Ken Roberts
pieced together after 20 hours of interviews captures the essence of
Gadzhiyev's odyssey but only roughly follows the contours of his years
with the KGB.
Even
the cinematic version of his late-'80s defection is greatly pared
down. In the
screenwriter's tale, Gadzhiyev's escape is nearly cut short when he is
picked up in Belgrade by Yugoslav counterintelligence and threatened
with deportation back to Moscow.
At the last minute, though, in one of those nifty action-movie
twists, the powers that be let him go, and he slips off to Washington,
D.C., carrying in his head enough evidence of institutional corruption
to shake the Soviet state at its foundation.
The reality of that escape was far less tidy and considerably
more painful. Gadzhiyev
eventually did find his Hollywood ending but only after many months of
physical and mental anguish, languishing uncertainly in a Yugoslav
jail. And that's where
the movie ends and Gadzhiyev's story begins.
"I'm
in a patrol car now. I'm
a goddamn cop." Gadzhiyev is on the phone with an old friend,
sharing the good news. After
more than a decade without a gun or a badge, he is back on the job,
doing what he loves best. Well,
almost. During his eight
years with the KGB, the former electromechanical engineer was assigned
to the Second Chief Directorate, the massive security agency's
domestic counterintelligence arm.
Far more detective than secret agent, Gadzhiyev had duties
ranging from preventing security leaks and defections to tackling
smuggling, fraud, and other forms of organized crime and corruption.
Now, however, the 47-year-old is just another rookie cop. At
the end of May, having passed through a rather rigorous application
process, he received from the Broward Sheriff's Office a gun, a badge,
and a uniform and began cruising the streets of southern Broward
County as a patrol officer in training.
Five days a week, he assists his field training officer in
responding to crimes that, in another time and place, would be
considerably beneath his station -- mostly burglar alarms, domestic
violence, and smalltime pushers and users. But early next month, eight
years after the Cold War ended with the collapse of the Soviet Union,
the most experienced rookie on the force will become the first former
KGB officer to become a full-fledged American cop. Although
he wishes he could leapfrog straight into the detective squad --
preferably into the organized crime division -- the humbled former
lieutenant colonel still beams at the thought of starting his
law-enforcement career anew.
"This
is my American dream," he says with adolescent glee, while
proudly displaying the revolver he keeps stashed in the kitchen when
he's off duty. "Right
now I'm a deputy on the road, a patrol officer, so that's the job I
need to do." He
disappears into the bedroom. "Have
you seen the hat?" he asks, flashing a Gomer Pyle grin, his cue
ball hidden beneath the BSO's good-ol'-boy, wide-brimmed,
green-and-gold hat. "Isn't
this hat just gorgeous?"
Employing
a man in U.S. law enforcement who was once on the front lines of the
Cold War -- on the other side -- has already aroused the suspicions of
more than a few conspiracy-theory stalwarts.
In 1996, the year Gadzhiyev first became both a U.S. citizen
and a guard at the Broward County Jail, his olive-hued face filled the
cover of The New American, the glossy magazine of the extreme
right-wing John Birch Society. Inspired
by Gadzhiyev's early efforts to become an American police officer (his
initial 1996 application with the BSO landed him the spot in
corrections), the lengthy and extensively researched cover story
dissects the former KGB officer's claims that he was once an
anti-corruption crusader but uncovers no clear evidence to the
contrary.
"Is
Gadzhiyev an American success story, or a living security
breach?" writes William Norman Grigg.
"Might he be a 'sleeper' agent or an asset of a
KGB-aligned mafia group?" Forwarded
to the BSO a few months after Gadzhiyev was hired as a corrections
officer, the article eventually wound up in his personnel file.
Also in the file is a letter from Bill Leonard, a card-carrying
member of the Birch Society, who mailed the article to then-sheriff
Ron Cochran. "I have
been studying the international communist conspiracy for years,"
writes Leonard. "The
infiltration of every facet of American life by this conspiracy
already has given them control of the administrative and judicial
branches of our federal government... They will stop at nothing to
attain final control." In
spite of such paranoid rhetoric, the questions Griggs brings up might
be valid if only Gadzhiyev didn't have such solid credentials.
Before
being granted political asylum in the United States in 1989, Gadzhiyev
spent seven months in Munich, where he was hooked up to a polygraph
machine while being poked and prodded by U.S. intelligence.
He later worked on contract for a now-defunct CIA front company
in Miami called Premier Executive Services, for whom he says he
prepared a 400-page dictionary of Soviet counterintelligence terms.
In addition he has assisted local and federal law-enforcement
agencies in investigating cases involving organized crime figures from
the republics of the former Soviet Union, and he is a sometime
consultant to Fred Rustmann, a retired CIA agent who runs an
international private investigation firm in West Palm Beach.
Rustmann, whose company assists corporations with security
issues overseas, says Gadzhiyev has been a sort of flashlight for him
in the former Soviet Union. "Emin's
been able to point us to the right people and tell us how best to deal
with them," he explains. "The
sheriff's office has got a serious guy who really knows the Russian
mentality."
Among
the references listed in Gadzhiyev's application for employment with
the BSO are three FBI agents and a detective with the BSO's Strategic
Intelligence Section. "Since
May of 1994... Gadzhiyev
has worked with me as a consultant and advisor regarding Russian
organized crime in the United States as well as in Moscow,
Russia," writes Det. Gary Dickinson in an extensive report
prepared during the BSO's five-month background investigation.
"I have found him to be credible, trustworthy and reliable
as a consultant on sensitive investigations.
There has never been any indication to the contrary."
(Although Gadzhiyev's expertise on Russian organized crime was
a likely factor in his hiring, no one at the BSO would speculate about
his future prospects beyond regular patrol duty).
Joe
Hess, who teaches defensive tactics at the BSO's Criminal Justice
Institute, says Gadzhiyev was probably the most enthusiastic student
in his class. "He
was like a sponge," he recalls.
"I mean, to go from handling these big high-tech cases to
doing patrol work is not an easy transition. He's very knowledgeable
and street savvy. Combining
his experiences from two such different worlds will make him a real
well-rounded officer."
Despite
such accolades nothing about Gadzhiyev's career with the KGB is
verifiable. His former
partner is dead, and the remote, war-torn country of Azerbaijan, the
former Soviet republic on the Caspian Sea where he grew up and spent
most of his career, is in such a state of turmoil that tracking down
information relating to events that transpired there more than a
decade ago is now nearly impossible.
In addition, with few other economic opportunities available,
many of Gadzhiyev's former colleagues are now actively working for the
bad guys. Still, he has
passed muster with both the CIA and the BSO, both of which have put
him through a battery of lie-detector tests.
Also, experts say his egotistical impulse to get his story on
film or in print is not at all unusual.
"Every defector wants to write a book," says Bill
Geimer, the head of the Jamestown Foundation -- an organization that,
at the height of the Cold War, helped many high-ranking KGB defectors
find their feet in the U.S. and in many cases line up book deals.
"This guy's going to be a cop?" he asks.
"I think that's a great idea."
Sipping
tea, Gadzhiyev bristles at the mention of the John Birch Society.
"I am not one of those bloody KGB officers everyone talks
about," he says abruptly. "I
was basically a cop." Gadzhiyev
is eager to dispel misconceptions about the Soviet security agency, a
centralized monstrosity that was essentially the equivalent of the
CIA, NSA, FBI, and INS rolled into one.
With more than a dozen divisions under its umbrella, KGB
headquarters in Moscow controlled spies overseas, border guards,
counterintelligence officers like Gadzhiyev, and the infamous
"thought police," who threw dissidents like Andrei Sakharov
into gulags. Although he
served time behind enemy lines in Afghanistan and occasionally engaged
in espionage activities (he speaks five languages and spent time under
cover in Italy), as the head of the organized crime division in
Azerbaijan, Gadzhiyev was mostly involved in investigating actual
crimes. Many of those
crimes, he quickly found out, could be traced to corrupt high-ranking
Communist Party functionaries, to the KGB itself, and even to the
Kremlin. In many cases,
Gadzhiyev claims, the corruption in the Communist Party was the
precursor to the post-Soviet mobsters who have in the last decade
become billionaires and are increasingly making their presence felt in
South Florida.
Investigating
the mobsters' predecessors first bolstered Gadzhiyev's career and then
wound up destroying it. By
the mid-'80s, his overzealous pursuit of high-profile officials had
transformed him from a promising young officer into an agency pariah.
In 1987, after he had been forced to tender his resignation,
Gadzhiyev's disillusionment with Soviet society was at its peak.
Gorbachev's perestroika reforms were in full swing, and the
Soviet Union was already on the verge of political and economic
collapse. Soviet tanks
patrolled the streets of Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan, Gadzhiyev's
oil-rich and increasingly volatile homeland.
The mostly Moslem republic, which four years later would become
the first former Soviet satellite to gain independence, is a country
whose people have little in common with the Russian bureaucrats who
called the shots in the region during seven decades of Soviet
domination. Their true
enemies, though, have long been the people of neighboring Armenia,
with whom they share an age-old, Balkan-style enmity.
In 1987, with the two countries on the verge of a war that is
barely contained today, mass demonstrations against the country's
Armenian minority spilled through the capital, and mixed couples, like
Gadzhiyev's Armenian mother and Azerbaijani father, became prime
targets of Mob rage.
"I
went to Moscow for the last time, to KGB headquarters," he
recalls. "I tried to
warn them about the coming bloodshed in Azerbaijan and the possible
consequences for the entire Soviet Union.
They wouldn't listen. They
basically told me to get the fuck out.
I stood there in front of KGB headquarters.
Psychologically I was dead inside.
It was very icy and cold, and I saw this old woman across the
street. She looked like
she was 90, and she asked me to help her cross the street. I asked her
where she was going and offered to take her there.
We were walking in silence, whipped by snow and wind, and I was
crying. I didn't know
whether it was from the cold or the stress.
I looked at this woman, alone in the cold carrying her bread,
and then and there realized I had to do it.
I had to escape. I
had no idea where I was going, but I knew I had to go."
Having
made the decision to defect, in the spring of 1987 Gadzhiyev submitted
a fraudulent application for travel to then-communist Yugoslavia and
joined a Soviet tour group en route to Belgrade.
There, on a Sunday just before noon, he slipped away from the
group, plodding nervously toward the American embassy.
"I approached the Yugoslav guards outside the gate,"
he recalls. "I
didn't speak English yet, so I introduced myself as an Italian.
I told them I needed to speak to the embassy security officer,
that it was urgent." Forty-five
minutes later Gadzhiyev was still standing out front.
Gnawed by paranoia, he felt certain that the Yugoslav guards
soon would be onto him. "I
couldn't stand there any longer," he says.
"I told them, 'Look, I have some business in town, I'll be
back in an hour. Can you
please contact the security officer?'"
Gadzhiyev eventually did find his way past the gates of the
embassy, but the message he received inside was not at all what he
expected. "They
wanted to help me, but there were political ramifications to
consider," he says. "They
suggested I go through the United Nations mission in Belgrade."
Which is exactly what he did.
"The
Yugoslavs grabbed me right in front of the mission," he recalls,
explaining how Yugoslav counterintelligence officers tracked him down
after a confidential informant connected to the UN mission gave them
information about a possible defector.
"They strip-searched me and threw me in a cell," he
continues. "That
night I lay there on the concrete floor wondering what would become of
me. It was one of the
worst nights of my life."
Gadzhiyev
wound up spending eight uncertain months in the Belgrade city jail,
charged officially with traveling without documents.
He shared a large two-room cell with a dozen indigenous
inmates. "The first
day they were looking me over, trying to figure out who I was,"
he recalls. "I
decided that I would only speak Italian, and I told them my name was
Gino. As it turned out,
the toughest guy in the cell was an Italian, and he was thrilled to
have someone to talk to in his native tongue.
After that nobody ever bothered me."
During
his months behind bars, Gadzhiyev says he received frequent visits
from Soviet "diplomats," actually KGB officers who put
pressure on him to return voluntarily to the Soviet Union.
"They told me my father had called them and, strangely
enough, that my wife was home crying for me," he says, explaining
that he and his wife had split up long before he left Baku.
When
they could hold him no longer, the Yugoslavs let Gadzhiyev go, and the
U.S. government decided that, though he was not a prize intelligence
catch, he might be of some value after all.
They provided him with a one-way ticket to Vienna, in business
class. "I drank
everything I could get my hands on," he says.
"By the time we landed, I'd drunk so much cognac I passed
out." From Vienna it
was a quick drive across the German border to Munich.
Seven months later, after the CIA was done with him and the
Immigration and Naturalization Service had approved his petition for
political asylum, he caught a transatlantic flight to New York,
followed by a connecting flight to paradise -- otherwise known as
Southern California.
On
the West Coast, where a nonprofit group called the International
Rescue Committee first set him up with an apartment, Gadzhiyev's
fantasies of capitalist enrichment soon gave way to harsh immigrant
reality. Alone and nearly
penniless in San Diego, he got work as a cab driver.
More-extravagant capitalist endeavors, most of them involving
food, would not come until years later, after he had moved from
California to Florida.
"My
wife, she cooks real good," Gadzhiyev says reverentially, eyeing
a picture of the leggy blonde he met while on business in Moscow a few
years ago and married in Fort Lauderdale in 1996.
He emerges from the kitchen carrying a big glass jar full of
fist-size plums bobbing in purple liquid.
"These are much bigger than the ones we'll produce for the
public," he says, slicing off a chunk of the
vinegar-and-garlic-scented fruit.
The plums are an Azerbaijani delicacy Gadzhiyev and his wife
hope to market in the U.S. along with pickled grapes and fresh
pomegranates. "This
will give her something to do," he says, explaining why, last
March, he launched Pickled Purple Plums, Inc. for the former
business-school instructor. "She's
used to working, not sitting home bored, reading all day."
Before
relaunching his career in law enforcement, Gadzhiyev, who once hatched
an ill-fated scheme to raise Caspian sturgeon in South Florida, was
determined to turn all his bright ideas into legitimate corporate
gold. One day in San
Diego, having started to learn English at the local Berlitz school,
Gadzhiyev was rifling through the yellow pages in search of
opportunities. A small
advertisement caught his eye, and he dialed George Schmalhofer, the
man described in the ad as a former Secret Service agent turned
private investigator, who answered the phone.
"Here was this guy on the phone telling me he was a former
KGB agent," recalls Schmalhofer.
"I was like, 'All right, and I suppose we've been invaded
by Martians too.' I mean,
how often do you get a call like that?"
Gadzhiyev told the PI he had a brilliant idea:
The two of them should join forces and launch a firm called the
Eagle and the Bear, a sort of Secret Service-KGB partnership.
"Gadzhiyev was about three or four years ahead of his
time," says Schmalhofer, who wound up hiring him to do
surveillance work after checking him out with friends in intelligence.
The year was 1990; the Soviet Union, though teetering on the
brink of collapse, was still intact, and the KGB was still very much
an international force with which to be reckoned.
"People would look at him strangely when he told them who
he was," says Schmalhofer. "I
didn't tell that many people. He
didn't seem to care, but I was a little more concerned for his health
than he seemed to be."
Gadzhiyev
says that later that year the U.S. government offered him a $30,000
education grant to be used as he saw fit.
He gladly accepted the money and moved across the country to
Stuart, where he used the scholarship to learn how to fly.
In April 1991 he became the first former Soviet citizen to earn
an American pilot's license. It
was around that time that he met screenwriter Ken Roberts and his
wife, with whom he developed a lasting friendship.
"One
day Emin came over to the house," recalls Roberts.
"He had this microcassette tape with him, and he handed it
to me. He said, 'Listen
Ken, I'm flying back to Baku. Hold
on to this tape. If I'm
not back in a few months, take it to the press.'
It was all very cloak-and-dagger."
Though he was tempted, Roberts says, he never listened to the
tape but came terribly close to handing it over to the press.
"He'd been gone an awfully long time," he recalls.
"Then, out of the blue, I get this call. He was on a plane
back from Moscow."
Gadzhiyev,
who says the tape contained dirt on former Soviets currently in power,
had traveled home to Baku at the invitation of old friends who had
taken up positions in the government of newly independent Azerbaijan.
The capital of the war-torn country was beginning to resemble a
Wild West boom town, overrun by corruption, mobsters, and American oil
men. While there he
caught up with his teenage daughter and arranged to bring his ailing
parents, who he had long hoped might follow him out of the country,
back with him to the United States.
He also came very close to being thrown into prison.
"I realized I was under surveillance," says Gadzhiyev,
who claims he was being tailed by a bitter, economically strapped
former colleague. "This
guy was trying to frame me. It
was all about money. He
must have thought I was a rich American now."
The officer took out an arrest warrant on trumped-up charges
that Gadzhiyev had been traveling with a phony passport.
"I had to leave the country," he says.
"It was obvious there was nothing left for me there."
With his parents in tow, he returned to the States via Moscow
and New York City, then helped the couple settle down in an
Azerbaijani community in Utah. When
Gadzhiyev was back in Florida, his troubles in Baku served as a dark
reminder of his last days with the KGB.
Rifling
through a drawer in his Hallandale apartment, he pulls out a dog-eared
manuscript. Awkwardly titled The Worm Within, the 20-page book
proposal is more accurate but far less riveting than the movie
treatment that preceded it. Ghostwritten
as Gadzhiyev's autobiography by octogenarian journalist Joe Crankshaw
of The Stuart News, the shopped-around-and-rejected proposal provides
a brief introduction to the tumultuous career of an honest man in a
den of thieves. It begins in the early '80s with the case that would
be Gadzhiyev's introduction to high-level corruption.
"Two
Latin American students, a Cuban and a Nicaraguan I think it was, had
turned up dead at this illegal bar in Baku," he recalls.
"I went to gather preliminary evidence early the next
morning, and it was the strangest thing I had ever seen -- the bar had
disappeared." The
bar and all of the evidence had apparently been bulldozed overnight.
Shortly thereafter the KGB officer in charge of investigating
the illegal establishment was transferred to another republic.
It was clear to Gadzhiyev that powerful people had a vested
interest in keeping the bar out of the spotlight.
In spite of those setbacks, Gadzhiyev says, he was able to use
the vast network of confidential informants for which the KGB is
famous to track down the killer, an Armenian thug named Spartacus, who
confessed and was later executed.
Informants recruited during the investigation implicated
customs agents and federal police officers from the Ministry of the
Interior in the illegal bar and in an enormous cigarette-smuggling
operation headquartered there. The
case was the young officer's first indication that corruption was far
more endemic than he had ever imagined.
Over
the next couple of years, Gadzhiyev says, he tackled one corruption
case after another, discovering jars full of cash and gold in the back
yards of party functionaries' houses, including officials from his own
agency. "I couldn't
understand why they would do it," he says.
"You could use the money to pay off another official to
get a higher-ranking job -- that's about it.
I mean, there were no Rolls-Royces you could buy.
You couldn't show any outward displays of wealth; it would just
be too suspicious."
In
the mid-'80s, while Gadzhiyev was being increasingly discouraged from
investigating such cases, threats to his family and the death of his
partner in a suspicious car accident convinced him it was time to get
out. He abruptly resigned
from the KGB and for the next few years took up security work, first
with a space-research facility in Baku and then with the Soviet
Ministry of Culture. Then
in 1987, with his first marriage in shambles and his country on the
verge of all-out war, Gadzhiyev decided to flee.
Sifting
through a stash of black-and-white photos that are his only remnants
of a previous life, he is lost in the memories he still hopes will
someday put his name on a bestseller list or a movie theater marquee.
There he is, a 12-year-old smiling for the camera, on his
parents' boat on the Caspian Sea, framed by mountains.
There he is again, a dashing young man in his twenties, playing
jazz on an old electric guitar. That
guitar, the one he used to play on the beach for his pals, is gone
now, but he has a new one he sometimes pulls out of the closet when
he's feeling nostalgic. There
he is in Afghanistan, a young war hero squinting in the sun, cradling
an AK-47 assault rifle. He
saw death there -- a friend blown away by a land mine, capture averted
by using stones to kill armed mujahideen guards.
And there he is in his KGB uniform, hair thinning, his Red Star
proudly displayed beneath his lapel.
Gadzhiyev says he earned the prestigious medal after he did his
part for the Soviet space program by organizing the theft of space
shuttle technology from a French scientist during an international
conference in Baku.
"I
won't ever be moving back to Azerbaijan," he says, putting the
photos into a leather attaché case.
"My life is here now."
He glances at his watch. It's
nearly time to head into the Broward Sheriff's Office station for roll
call, but Gadzhiyev is feeling a bit under the weather.
"I don't know if I should call in sick," he says,
smiling, as if thrilled that he has the option.
"In the KGB you didn't call in sick.
They had their own doctors who checked you out and let you know
if you were sick or not." He
pauses for a moment, pondering the choices.
"Aw, what the hell, I think I'll stay home," he says,
opting to flush the sniffling and sneezing out of his system so he'll
be in top shape to finish off his field training.
"If I do my job well, my next promotion will be to
detective," he says confidently.
"That will be the pinnacle of my American dream."
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